[Textile knowledge] General characteristics of textile fiber structure

As a textile fiber, there are certain basic characteristics of the objective requirements. In the macroscopic form, the fiber is required to have a certain length and fineness, as well as a high aspect ratio. In the arrangement of micromolecules, a certain orientation is required to increase the necessary axial strength of the fibers; and there is a good lateral force, that is, an intermolecular force to maintain the relatively stable fiber morphology.
The basic requirements for the structural characteristics of fibers are:
1. The molecular chain must have a certain length, that is, have a certain degree of polymerization (DP), so that the fiber has the necessary strength;
2. The molecules should be linear long-chain molecules, with short branches and small side groups to ensure that the molecules have a certain degree of flexibility and freedom of movement, so that the fibers are soft; while the liquid crystal polymers require rigid chains to ensure Liquid order and forming;
3, the interaction between molecules should make the fiber morphology stable and have the necessary adsorption;
4. The molecular arrangement must have a certain orientation and crystallization, but there are certain gaps or spaces that allow the fiber to maintain its basic physical properties, as well as having hygroscopicity and dyeability.
These requirements are only for conventional fibers. For special requirements fiber, such as flame retardant, high temperature resistance, conductive, color, temperature change, antibacterial, high strength, high modulus, and smart fiber, will require other special conditions.

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