Sichuan millennium silkworms break through again: "a silk" to the whole industry chain

"Before I tried my best not to let the mulberry tree grow mulberry, now a pound of mulberry is going to sell 10 yuan!" On April 19, Yuanjue Village, Shuangqiao Town, Dongxing District, Neijiang City, Liu Hong, head of Yuanxianqiao Agricultural Company, pointed to the hillside The mulberry garden calculation, driven by the first mulberry picking festival a week ago, its 700 acres of fruit mulberry only sold mulberry fruit this year, the income can exceed 700,000 yuan.

200 kilometers away, Mianyang City Wucheng District Sericulture Industrial Park. A container truck drove out of the Rainbow Silk Company, and 10 tons of super 6A male silkworm raw silk was about to cross the ocean and enter the European market such as Italy, becoming the designated raw material for luxury brands such as Hermes, Chanel and LV.

"In the spring of 2017, 5A grade raw silk has risen by 70,000 yuan per ton, reaching 450,000 yuan. This year, Guangxi and other places have risen to 600,000 yuan." "In the past two years, the average monthly increase of 10,000 yuan per ton "The raw silk has risen and the price is still out of stock, and must be booked in advance." "This year, the silkworm seed distribution in Sichuan is tight, and the area of ​​the mulberry garden is increased by at least 50,000 mu." In the first half of this year, the domestic sericulture market continued to rise. .

The ancient sericulture industry, after a long silence, seems to have once again stood on the "wind vent."

The domestic sericulture map has moved westward and Sichuan has always been in the top three

Sichuan is one of the birthplaces of the world silk industry. It has a history of mulberry sericulture for more than 5,000 years. It is known as the “small country of silkworms” and is also the hometown of silkworm gods. As the starting point of the “Southern Silk Road” and the birthplace of the brocade, silk has become the most traditional and most culturally relevant business card. Sichuan has also been the main traditional silkworm production area and high-quality silk production base in China.

In the era of planned economy, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Sichuan were the top three sericulture industries in the country. “When the most brilliant in the mid-1980s, Sichuan silk exports accounted for one-third of the province’s total export earnings.” Chen Xiangping, vice president of the China Silk Association and president of the Sichuan Silk Association, still remembers.

As the comparative benefits continue to decrease, the scale of the sericulture industry in the eastern developed areas is shrinking. "Sericulture and silkworm are labor-intensive industries." Yang Lan, director of the provincial sericulture terminal, said that due to various factors, the enthusiasm of silkworm farmers was hit hard in the past few years, and large-scale felling of mulberry trees occurred in many places.

In 2006, the Ministry of Commerce launched the “East Sangxi Shift” strategy, and the sericulture owner's production area gradually shifted to the west. The western provinces and the provinces grew rapidly. The area of ​​Guangxi mulberry gardens and silkworm cocoon production ranked first in the country during this period. It has also increased steadily. "No matter how the industrial map changes, the scale of Sichuan sericulture has never lost the team from the top three in the country." Chen Xiangping said.

The sericulture map in the province has also changed quietly: the traditional advantageous industrial areas such as the eastern Sichuan, northern Sichuan mountainous areas, plains and basins have been greatly tightened, leaving only sporadic industrial belts; the warm climates such as southern Sichuan and Panxi have gradually grown and formed, forming Panxi and Chuannan. The three major sericulture industrial belts in Sichuan and North China account for more than 90% of the province's mulberry fields. The production of silkworm cocoons in 20 key counties such as Ningnan and Gaoxian accounts for more than 70% of the province's total output.

According to the data of the Provincial Department of Agriculture, in 2017, the area of ​​mulberry gardens in the province reached 1.95 million mu, 2.1 million silkworms were raised, and 81,000 tons were produced. The area of ​​mulberry gardens and silkworm cocoons ranked second in the country, and the output of silkworm cocoons accounted for the total output of the country. 12.98%, accounting for 9.6% of global production.

Hand-held domestic best quality products "Sichuan made" silk sold at home and abroad

According to the 2016 national sericulture cognac quality fair inspection report released by the China Fiber Inspection Bureau, the five quality indicators of Sichuan silkworm cocoon clean, unwinding, 10,000-meter stagnation, unwinding rate and gloss are the best in the country. “After the exit of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, high-quality silk is mainly provided by Sichuan.” Yang Lan said.

“We are the first company in China to obtain the certification of 'Organic Mulberry Garden and Organic Silkworm Cocoon'; the raw silk produced has also been certified by the European Union Raw Silk.” Lin Ping, the chairman of Ningnan County Nansi Road Group, is full of confidence.

“We produce 90% of the super 6A grade raw silk exported to foreign high-end luxury jewelry enterprises.” Zeng Hong, director of Mianyang Tianhong Silk Company Office, is also very proud. In 2014, APEC leaders “New Tang Dynasty” and 2016 G20 Summit Silk (ritual) products The main raw material used for raw silk comes from the company. As the only company in the country that only raises male silkworms in spring, their male silkworm silk is nearly 1,200 meters long, while the ordinary silk is only 800 meters.

Behind the "domestic first quality" is the unique natural condition of the main sericulture area in Sichuan: strong sunshine, large temperature difference between day and night, dry and ventilated, which is conducive to the accumulation of nutrients in mulberry trees; uniform distribution of meteorological elements such as light, temperature and humidity required for sericulture .

Strong technical support. Five provincial silkworm breeding farms are engaged in the selection and breeding of silkworm species, and 24 silkworm breeding farms are engaged in the breeding of one generation of hybrids, with more than 2 million seedlings per year... ensuring the stability and reliability of silkworm mulberry.

The cost is competitive. "The cost of land, labor and other costs is comprehensively calculated. The cost of raising silkworms in the eastern region is 20% higher than that of ours." Liu Hong said that the sericulture industry has become an important option for returnees to start businesses and work at home.

Look at the processing area. "We have successfully developed a wide-width, high-density jacquard silk home textile home fabric that is leading in China, filling the gap in the production of wide-scale high-grade silk in Sichuan." Qu Yan, deputy general manager of Yige Textile Co., told reporters that Iger and more The domestic famous home textile brands have established cooperation and the products are sold to dozens of countries such as the United States, Germany, France, Italy and Spain.

At present, the province has a complete industrial chain from mulberry to silkworm to silk and garment production and processing. There are 70 silk reeling enterprises in the province. In 2017, silk production accounted for 23.36% of the country's total output; silk and fabrics accounted for 27.63% of the country, ranking second in the country. More than 30 mulberry wine, beverage and mulberry leaf tea processing enterprises have been established in the province, and industrial industrial parks have been established in Nanchong, Ningnan and Wusheng. The output value of sericulture in the province has exceeded 7 billion yuan, and the comprehensive output value of silkworm silk processing has reached 330. 100 million yuan.

The rapid rise of domestic demand from "one wire" to the whole industry chain

After more than 30 years of experience, Chen Xiangping noticed a quiet change: in the era of planned economy, Sichuan sericulture industry exports accounted for more than 70%. In recent years, exports have fallen to less than 50%. Not only that, but the export of big heads has changed from silkworm cocoons to raw silk. In the past five years, silk and finished products have taken the lead. "Last year's price increase exceeded 30%. In the first few months of this year, the export profit has not been domestically high." He analyzed that there is only one reason behind it: the rise of domestic demand.

Qu Yan deep feels: "The Chinese have had a silk plot since ancient times. Now the standard of living is high. Everyone is paying more and more attention to the quality of life. Which one does not take silk scarves when going out to travel? This is the market!"

The rise of the domestic market, good industrial base, and the best quality of silk reeling, the silkworm industry in Sichuan is re-emerging into a sunrise industry. How to embrace the new spring? In Yang Lan’s view, the new round of development must be changed to the traditional idea of ​​“one grain” and “one wire”, extending the industrial chain and expanding new formats.

He further explained that the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and silkworm cocoons, silkworm moths, silkworms and other resources of mulberry trees were largely idle, and the utilization rate of sericulture resources was less than 3%. The next step was clear: the whole silk was propped up with a piece of mulberry leaves. The industry uses a branch to cultivate a high-quality edible fungus industry, uses a mulberry fruit to create a characteristic berry industry, and uses a mulberry garden to develop a comprehensive cultivation under the forest.

The silkworm farmland in Yangjia Town, Wucheng District, Mianyang City not only cultivates mulberry sericulture, but also attempts to use mulberry leaf and husk as the substrate to grow mushrooms, and the mulberry garden at least adds 2,000 yuan per acre. "Mulberry as a fungus base material, the protein content is seven or eight times ordinary, one acre mulberry garden can produce one ton of mulberry branches a year." Yang Lan introduced.

“I planted mulberry but did not raise silkworms, but winemaking.” Wang Guoyou, chairman of Sichuan Platinum Wine Company, introduced the company's bio-enzymatic fermentation technology to produce high-quality mulberry wines, which greatly increased the added value of fruit mulberry.