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Wearing "small" shoes is easy to get onychomycosis
On April 29, experts shared important insights about onychomycosis, a common fungal infection affecting nails and toenails. They pointed out that many people, especially women, tend to wear narrow high heels, pointed shoes, and engage in nail and toe beautification practices. These habits significantly increase the risk of fungal infections. Once the condition becomes active, treatment is necessary, though it doesn't always require removing the nail. Recovery can take several months, as nails grow slowly.
Onychomycosis, also known as tinea unguium, occurs when fungi invade the nail or the nail bed. It’s a widespread skin condition, with around 8% of the population in China affected. Experts emphasize that certain lifestyle choices—like wearing tight shoes or frequently modifying nails—create ideal conditions for fungal growth. These behaviors weaken the natural defenses of the nails and make them more susceptible to infection.
In one case, a woman named Xiao Wang walked through flooded streets in her boots and later noticed discoloration and white spots on her toenail. Over time, the infection spread, and she was eventually diagnosed with onychomycosis. After three months of treatment, her nails fully regrew. Dr. Yang Yang from Guangdong Armed Police Corps Hospital explained that the fungi responsible for this condition include dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds. These organisms thrive in moist environments like public pools, soil, and even on animals. Once they enter the nail, they begin to break down the keratin, causing the nail to become discolored, brittle, and eventually fall off.
Dr. Yang highlighted several factors that contribute to the development of onychomycosis. Wearing tight or poorly ventilated shoes increases pressure on the toes, leading to nail deformation and creating entry points for fungi. Frequent use of nail polish and artificial enhancements can damage the nail structure, making it easier for infections to occur. Additionally, people who work with their hands in water, such as housewives or laundry workers, are at higher risk due to prolonged exposure.
Immunocompromised individuals, including those taking long-term medications like chemotherapy or corticosteroids, are more vulnerable to fungal infections. Athlete’s foot is another common cause, as the same fungus can spread from the skin to the nails, especially if there's an injury. Early treatment of athlete’s foot is crucial to prevent complications.
Many people mistakenly believe that onychomycosis is just a cosmetic issue, but it can lead to serious problems. The infection can cause pain, difficulty with fine motor tasks, and even permanent nail loss. In severe cases, it may lead to secondary infections or social anxiety, as individuals may feel self-conscious about their appearance.
Treatment today involves oral antifungal medications, which are much more effective and less harmful than older methods. These drugs target the fungi beneath the nail without requiring removal. However, because nails grow slowly, recovery can take two to three months.
To reduce the risk of onychomycosis, experts recommend maintaining good hygiene, avoiding tight footwear, using breathable socks, and properly cleaning shoes. Old shoes shouldn’t be discarded carelessly—they can still be repurposed or cleaned. Choosing the right footwear, especially during pregnancy, is essential for comfort and health. Additionally, keeping shoes dry and avoiding moldy conditions can help prevent fungal growth.